Holly Kruse is a professor in the Department of Communications at Rogers State University in Claremore, Oklahoma (in the Cherokee Nation). She is the author of Site and Sound: Understanding Independent Music Scenes (Peter Lang); Off-track and Online: The Networked Spaces of Horse Racing(MIT Press); and the forthcoming Gender and Technology(Polity). Her research has been published in journals including Popular Music, TheJournal of Popular Music Studies, and Popular Music and Society.